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Split Column

For many recipes, the first step is to split data from a single column into multiple columns. This section describes the various methods that can be used for splitting a single column into one or more columns, based on character- or pattern-matching or position within the column's values.

Tip

When this transform appears in a suggestion card, the maximum number of suggested columns to split is 250, which may prevent the browser from crashing. If your dataset requires additional column splits, you can edit the transformation and increase the maximum number of splits. Avoid creating datasets that are wider than 1000 columns.

Split by Delimiter

When data is initially imported into Designer Cloud Powered by Trifacta Enterprise Edition, data in each row may be split on a single delimiter. In the following example, you can see that the tab key is a single clear delimiter:

<IMSI^MSIDN^IMEI>   DATETTIME/TIMEZONE OFFSET/DURATION      MSWCNT:BASCNT^BASTRA    CALL_TYPE/CORRESP_IDN/DISCONNECT REASON
<310170097665881^13011330554^011808005351311>     2014-12-12T00:06:13/-5/1.55     MSC001:BSC002^BTS783    MOT/00000000000:11
<310170097665881^13011330554^011808005351311>     2014-12-12T02:27:26/-5/0.00     MSC001:BSC002^BTS783    SMS/00000000000:
<310-170-097665881^13011330554^011808005351311>   2014-12-12T03:24:20/-5/0        MSC001:BSC001^BTS783    SMS/00000000000:

However, when this data is imported, it may be rendered in the data grid in the following structure:

column2

column3

column4

column5

<IMSI^MSIDN^IMEI>
DATETTIME/TIMEZONE OFFSET/DURATION
MSWCNT:BASCNT^BASTRA
CALL_TYPE/CORRESP_IDN:DISCONNECT REASON
<310170097665881^13011330554^011808005351311>
2014-12-12T00:06:13/-5/1.55
MSC001:BSC002^BTS783
MOT/00000000000:11
<310170097665881^13011330554^011808005351311>
2014-12-12T02:27:26/-5/0.00
MSC001:BSC002^BTS783
SMS/00000000000:
<310-170-097665881^13011330554^011808005351311>
2014-12-12T03:24:20/-5/0
MSC001:BSC001^BTS783
SMS/00000000000:

Notes:

  • When the data is first imported, all of it is contained in a single column named column1. The application automatically splits the columns on the tab character for you and removes the original column1.

    Tip

    This auto-split does not appear in your recipe by default. For most formats, a set of initial steps is automatically applied to the dataset. Optionally, you can review and modify these steps, but you must deselect Detect Structure during the import.

  • Because the application was unable to determine clear headers for each column's data, generic ones are used. So, before you apply a header to your data, you must split out the data within each column.

  • The delimiters within each column vary.

    • column2 uses the caret, while column3 uses the forward slash.

    • column4 and column5 use multiple delimiters.

  • There is sparseness in the data. Note that in column5, the second row contains the value 11 at the end, while the other two data rows do not have this value.

Split on single delimiter

For column2, you can split the column into separate columns based on the caret delimiter:

Transformation Name

Split by delimiter

Parameter: Column

column2

Parameter: Option

By delimiter

Parameter: Delimiter

'^'

Parameter: Number of columns to create

2

Note

The Number of columns to create value reflects the total number of new columns to generate.

Results:

Below is how the data in column2 is transformed:

column1

column6

column7

<IMSI
MSIDN
IMEI>
<310170097665881
13011330554
011808005351311>
<310170097665881
13011330554
011808005351311>
<310-170-097665881
13011330554
011808005351311>
  • Since column1 was unused as a name, it re-appears here. column6 and column7 are the next available generic column names.

  • There is a small bit of cleanup to do in column1 and column7 to remove the symbols at the beginning and end of these column values. You can do this cleanup before the split in the original column2 if desired.

For column3, suppose that you want to keep the DATETIME and TIMEZONE OFFSET values in the same column, preserving the forward slash to demarcate these two values. The DURATION values are to be split into a separate column:

Transformation Name

Split by delimiter

Parameter: Column

column2

Parameter: Option

By delimiter

Parameter: Delimiter

'/'

Parameter: Start to split after

`/(-{digit}|{digit})`
  • The above uses Wrangle , which are simplified versions of regular expressions for matching patterns.

    • In this case, the expression is the following:

      `/(-{digit}|{digit})`
    • For the Start to split after value, the above indicates that the application should start to look for matches on the delimiter (forward slash) only after the above pattern has been detected in the column values.

    • In this case, the pattern describes values that appear after a forward slash and could be a negative digit or a positive digit, which matches the pattern for the TIMEZONE OFFSET values in the column.

    • For more information on how to use Wrangle , see Text Matching.

  • Since you are splitting the column into two columns, you do not need to specify the number of new columns to create. The default is 1.

Split column by multiple delimiters

After splitting column3, the data resembled the following:

column3

DATETTIME/TIMEZONE OFFSET
2014-12-12T00:06:13/-5
2014-12-12T02:27:26/-5
2014-12-12T03:24:20/-5

Suppose you want to break down the components of this date-time data into separate columns for year, month, day, hour, minute, second, and offset. The following could be use to do so:

Transformation Name

Split by delimiter

Parameter: Column

column2

Parameter: Option

By multiple delimiters

Parameter: Delimiter 1

'-'

Parameter: Delimiter 2

'-'

Parameter: Delimiter 3

'T'

Parameter: Delimiter 4

':'

Parameter: Delimiter 5

':'

Parameter: Delimiter 6

'/'
  • Each delimiter is entered on a separate row.

  • Delimiters are processed in the listed order.

Split column between delimiters

Suppose that for column4, you want to split the column such that the middle part section is removed. You could use the previous transformation and then delete the middle column. You can also use the following transformation, which identifies that starting and editing delimiters that demarcate the separator between fields, effectively removing the middle column:

Transformation Name

Split by delimiter

Parameter: Column

column4

Parameter: Option

By two delimiters

Parameter: Start delimiter

':'

Parameter: Include as part of split

Selected

Parameter: End delimiter

'^'

Parameter: Include as part of split

Selected
  • The separator between the columns is all of the content between the forward slashes. This content is removed from the dataset.

  • The two selected options include the forward slashes as part of the separator, which removes them from the dataset.

Split by Position

You can also perform column splits based on numerical positions in column values. These splitting options are useful for highly regular data that is of consistent length.

Tip

When specifying numeric positions, you do not have to list the positions in numeric order. You can now do faster iteration since you can add new positions as needed when previewing the transformation.

Suppose you have the following coordination information in three dimensions (x, y, and z). Note that the data is very regular, with leading zeroes for values that are less than 1000.

column1

POSXPOSYPOSZ

000100040001

012405210555

100220046554

202056789011

379274329832

Split column by positions

The above data could be split based on positions within a column's value:

Transformation Name

Split by character position

Parameter: Column

column1

Parameter: Option

By positions

Parameter: Position 1

4

Parameter: Position 2

8

Results:

column2

column3

column4

POSX

POSY

POSZ

0001

0004

0001

0124

0521

0555

1002

2004

6554

2020

5678

9011

3792

7432

9832

Split columns between positions

Suppose that you wish to split the above source data such that the middle column is removed:

Transformation Name

Split by character position

Parameter: Column

column1

Parameter: Option

Between two positions

Parameter: Position 1

4

Parameter: Position 2

8

Results:

column2

column3

POSX

POSZ

0001

0001

0124

0555

1002

6554

2020

9011

3792

9832

Split column at regular interval

The above transformation could be simplified even further, since the splits happen at regular intervals:

Transformation Name

Split by character position

Parameter: Column

column1

Parameter: Option

At regular interval

Parameter: Interval

4

Parameter: Number of times to split

2

Results:

The results would be the same as the first example.

Encoding Issues

If you are attempting to split columns based on non-ASCII characters that appear in the dataset, your transformations may fail.

In these cases, you should change the encoding that is applied to the dataset.

Steps:

  1. In the Import Data page, select the dataset to import.

  2. When the dataset card appears in the right column, click the Edit Settings link.

  3. From the drop-down, select a more appropriate encoding to apply to the file.

  4. Import the data and wrangle.

  5. Try your split transformation on the dataset.

Splitting Rows

When a dataset is imported, the application attempts to split the data into individual rows, based on any available end of line delimiters. This transformation is performed automatically and is not included in your initial set of steps.

If the data is not consistently formatted, the rows may not be properly split. If so, you can disable the automatic splitting of rows.

Steps:

  1. In the Import Data page, select the dataset to import.

  2. When the dataset card appears in the right column, click the Edit Settings link.

  3. Deselect the Detect Structure checkbox.

  4. Import the data and wrangle.

The steps used to detect structure are listed as the first steps of your recipe, which allows you to modify them as needed.